Effect of Calcination Temperatures on Phase Formation and Microstructure of Lead Titanate Powders Synthesized via Combustion Technique
Abstract
Lead titanate (PbTiO3; PT) powders were sucessfully prepared by a combustion
technique. PT powders were heated at various calcination temperatures, ranging from 500 to
900 ??C, for 2 h at a heating/cooling rate of 5 ??C/min. Powder samples were characterized
using thermogravimetric (TGA), differential thermal analysis (DTA), X-ray diffractrometer
(XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The second phases such as PbO, PbO2 and
TiO2 were detected in the powders calcined below 800 ??C. A single perovskite of the PT
powders was found with calcination temperatures above 800 ??C. A lattice parameter c and
c/a ratio increased while, the lattice parameter a decreased with increasing calcination
temperature. The TGA-DTA results corresponded to the XRD investigation. The particle size
tended to increase with increasing calcining temperature.
technique. PT powders were heated at various calcination temperatures, ranging from 500 to
900 ??C, for 2 h at a heating/cooling rate of 5 ??C/min. Powder samples were characterized
using thermogravimetric (TGA), differential thermal analysis (DTA), X-ray diffractrometer
(XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The second phases such as PbO, PbO2 and
TiO2 were detected in the powders calcined below 800 ??C. A single perovskite of the PT
powders was found with calcination temperatures above 800 ??C. A lattice parameter c and
c/a ratio increased while, the lattice parameter a decreased with increasing calcination
temperature. The TGA-DTA results corresponded to the XRD investigation. The particle size
tended to increase with increasing calcining temperature.
Key words: combustion technique, lead titanate, phase formation, microstructure, tetragonality
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